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INFORMATION FROM THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE

Here we propose some quotations taken from important manuals of phytotherapy, from web pages, from scientific studies,
both Italian and foreign.

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Rhubarb

Short-term treatment of occasional constipation. The correct individual dose is the minimum dose sufficient to produce easy evacuation of soft stools. Stimulant laxatives should not be used for periods longer than 2 weeks without consulting a physician.

ESCOP The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products. First Edition. 2003

It contains substances with antiphlogistic activity (lindlein, isolindlein, catechin).

Capasso F. et al. Phytotherapy. Rational use of plant drugs. 2006. Springer.

Rhubarb has antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity.

Chang SJ. et al.Antiviral activity of Rheum palmatum methanol extract and chrysophanol against Japanese encephalitis virus. Arch Pharm Res. 2014 Jan 7. [Epub ahead of print].

Zhu S. et al. Emodin inhibits ATP-induced IL-1β secretion, ROS production and phagocytosis attenuation in rat peritoneal macrophages via antagonizing P2X₇ receptor.Pharm Biol. 2014 Jan;52(1):51-7.

Currant buds

It is used as a source of Vitamin C.

PDR for Herbal Medicines. 2000. THOMSON publisher.

Blackcurrant

In traditional medicine it is used to relieve colds, hoarseness and coughs.It is also used as a source of Vitamin C.

PDR for Herbal Medicines. 2000. THOMSON publisher.

Adjuvant in the treatment of rheumatic disorders.

ESCOP The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products. Second Edition. 2003.

Anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving and anti-allergic action

Bruneton J. Pharmacognosie et phytochimie plantes medicinales. Ed. Lavoisier, Paris, 1993.

Alcaraz M.J. et Jimenez M.J. Flavonoids as anti-inflammatory agents. Phytotherapy 59, 25-38, 1988

Anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving and anti-allergic action

Bruneton J. Pharmacognosie et phytochimie plantes medicinales. Ed. Lavoisier, Paris, 1993. Alcaraz M.J. et Jimenez M.J. Flavonoids as anti-inflammatory agents. Phytotherapy 59, 25-38, 1988.

Rhodiola rosea

Most studies have shown beneficial effects of rhodiola in reducing mental fatigue, improving physical status and overall well-being.

Capasso F. et al. Phytotherapy. Rational use of plant drugs. 2006. Springer.

Preliminary research has shown that rhodiola may reduce feelings of fatigue in stressful situations. In a preliminary study a rhodiola extract 50 mg twice daily reduced mental fatigue and subjective sense of well-being in students during an exam period.

Spasov A.A. et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of the stimulating and adaptogenic effect of Rhodiola rosea SHR-5 extract on the fatigue of students caused by stress during an examination period with a repeated low-dose regimen. Phytomedicine 2000;7:85-89.

Rosehip

Known for its richness in vitamin C. Traditionally used to treat febrile conditions, colds and rheumatic forms.

PDR for Herbal Medicines. 2000. THOMSON publisher.

Indicated as an adjuvant to relieve pain and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis.

ESCOP The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products. Second Edition. 2003.

The richness in flavonoids and Vitamin C are responsible for the antioxidant action of rose hips.

Tumbas V.T. Effect of rosehip (Rosa canina L.) phytochemicals on stable free radicals and human cancer cells. J Sci Food Agric. 2012 Apr;92(6):1273-81.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive database. Unbiased, Scientific Clinical Information on Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Therapies. http://naturaldatabase.therapeuticresearch.com/home.aspx?cs=&s=ND

Davis D.R. Some algae are potentially adequate sources of vitamin B-12 for vegans (letter, comment). J Nutr 1997;127:378,380.

Rosemary

It can have positive inotropic effect on the heart and increase coronary flow.

Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.

Blood pressure problems, dyspeptic disorders, lack of appetite, rheumatism.

PDR for Herbal Medicines. 2000. THOMSON publisher.

Fernández LF, Palomino OM, Frutos G. Effectiveness of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil as antihypotensive agent in primary hypotensive patients and its influence on health-related quality of life. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 Jan 10;151(1):509-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.006.

Rusco

Adjuvant treatment of the symptoms associated with chronic venous insufficiency, such as pain, a sense of tiredness and heaviness in the legs, tingling and swelling.

ESCOP The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products. First Edition. 2003

Recommended books:

Texts for the scientific study of phytotherapy
– Lugli A. Knowing the medicinal plants. 40 practical cards, many curiosities and useful tips. Aboca editions. 2010.
- Capasso F. et al. Phytotherapy. Rational use of plant drugs. Springer-Verlag. 2006.
- Campanini. Dictionary of Phytotherapy and Medicinal Plants. New Techniques. 2012.
ESCOP- European Scientific Cooperation on Phytotherapy:
– ESCOP Monographs The scientific basis of phytotherapy products. Italian edition of the second English edition edited by Planta Medica Edizioni.2006.
English versionMonographs On the medicinal uses of plants drugs European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy. Second edition 2003. Thieme.
- ESCOP Monographs On the medicinal uses of plants drugs European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy. Second edition Supplement 2009. Thieme.
- WHO Monographs Selected medicinal plants. Vol.1-2-3-4-5. World Health Organization Geneva.
Downloadable at the link: http://apps.who.int/medicinedoc/en/d/Js2200e/
- Herbal Medicine: Expanded Commission E Monographs. American Botanical Council. 2000
- Blumental L. The ABC Clinical Guide to Herbs. The American Botanical Council. 2003
- PDR for Herbal Medicines. 2000. THOMSON publisher.